Engineering
The Appeal
I am seeing more and more requests for hangar home combinations where the living area is built above the hangar. Around the Internet there are a few pictures of projects, some which have not yet been built, which show nice and neat depictions of this type of an arrangement. Its appeal, on certain levels, is easy to understand. Such an arrangement can be tidy and well contained and not be as sprawling as other types of projects with hangars on the same level as living area, or even separate.
There can be some advantages to having the living area over the hangar.
This type of an arrangement can lend to very nice opportunities to view the runway from the comfort of one’s home. With the living room, or family room or other common areas of living space set over the hangar these can be designed to face the runway giving the occupants a wonderful theater from which to watch their fellow pilots land airplanes. This can be quite enjoyable as any pilot knows who has sat in a chair applauding, and perhaps judging, landings of his compatriots.
This arrangement can be advantageous for narrow lots where separate hangar and living structures might force the living area to be built away from the runway with the hangar between. While this may be something desired in some cases, I find that many folks, if on the runway, request some sort of runway view. If the lot is small this can be difficult to achieve by any other means.
Going “up” with a design has some inherent efficiencies in that the same roof covers both living area and hangar and the same slab, or lower floor, functions for both areas. There is an ongoing debate in the industry as to which is cheaper to build, a one or a two story home. In my own evaluation I have found two to be comparable when all elements are taken into consideration. But nonetheless there is an inherent efficiency to having the home rest over the hangar area.
The Challenges and Solutions
However there are several disadvantages and challenges for this type of arrangement and this could be the reason why there are not more of these types of structures to be found.
The key problem with having the hangar under the living area is that, given the typical sizes of hangars, usually at least 2000 ft.² with a typical width of 50 feet, it is difficult to span that distance with any structural element that can withstand the deflection forces of the live loads. Though structural elements can be designed to hold the weight the problem falls in the area of deflection which can manifest in what is called, in the industry, “bounce”. Bounce is basically the vibration which can be detected by human occupants as a result of shifts in position of various users of the space. One can be sitting in the living room and have a group of children running across the living room and actually feel the vibration of their movement in the floor and furniture. This can be unsettling. Though not an actual structural problem it is more a problem of perception. It is, by its nature, somewhat subjective but studies have been made on the subject and bounce is a real potential problem.
The only solution to the bouncing problem is to have the structural member designed with enough stiffness to resist deflection. Stiffness is largely achieved by a structural element's depth. If one is using a beam of even 2 feet of depth across the 50 foot span this would generally not be sufficient to handle the “bounce” to the extent most people would find desirable.
Of course, these factors can be controlled by limiting the size of the hangar but generally most folks want to have at least 2000 ft.² of hangar space and a typical size for this is 50’ x 40’. The 50 foot side is usually the side for the hangar door. Running the beam from front to back would have its own inherent problems of causing a substantial point load in the middle of the hangar door header system.
So limiting the size of the hangar can certainly mitigate some of the bouncing problem. It is a matter of whether or not the owner is willing to live with a smaller hangar.
I have had owners quite satisfied with smaller hangars.
Another solution is to add a post to the beam. This makes all the differences by, effectively, cutting the beam length in half (if placed in the center). One of my clients, in North Carolina,, is parking a relatively small home-built airplane in his hangar and is able to tolerate a post set in the middle of the long beam. He is able to easily park his aircraft in the space despite the post.
Another strategy is to use a “T” hangar where the tail, or even the nose, rests in a more narrow portion of the hangar. This design segregates the rear left and right corners of the hangar into either living areas or some type of shop or storage space. It opens up the opportunity to create load-bearing members in strategic locations to reduce the length of the main supporting element for the home upstairs.
Another, less common, strategy is to create a “wall truss”. This can be a major wall contained within the living area upstairs which is designed as a deep truss to support secondary floor and roof structures. Passageways through the truss can be challenging and that is part of the job of the designing engineer to solve.
Three Other Challenges.
The living area over hangar concept can be “boxy”. There are ways around this but the basic massing of this type of structure is a challenge that needs to be handled in most cases.
Secondly, this type of arrangement puts most of the living area on the second level requiring either stairs or an elevator for egress. If the owners are entering the senior status of life this can be a factor and an elevator is can be the best solution.
And, finally, if the hangar exceeds 2000 sqft in size, substantial fire separation requirements can kick in. These require special structures in the ceiling of the hangar to separate the hangar and living spaces. This is quite technical, and can usually be solved.
A Trend that begs for Solutions
It appears there may be a trend pointing to an increased popularity of the home over hangar arrangement. I think it behooves designers and engineers to begin solving this set of interesting challenges. Homes over hangars can be quite charming and even include decking placed in front of the home, over the hangar, providing a great area for relaxing and watching the aviation experience.

Hangar buildings are usually found in airport communities. They offer adequate storage for small aircraft, but can also be used for many other purposes. If you wish to construct this type of structure, it is important to know all the facts. Hangar home architecture requires specialized expertise and should only be designed by experienced designers.
Although your project must be handled by competent professionals, you still need to familiarize yourself with the necessary rules and regulations of the structural design. Only this way will you know about the restrictions that are set in place in your local area. Once you have completed your research, you will be able to communicate with your designer in an effective manner.
The site location is an important factor when building hangars. In general, the most ideal ground surface should be flat, but it is still possible to build on sloped surfaces. In case the area is not flat, the plane would need to be stored on the lower section of the house in the higher ground.
Consideration should be given to the other uses of hangar homes, aside from using them to store a plane. Some property owners choose to use the space as a garage or to store their boats. If there is adequate space, why not use it as a workshop or to store recreational vehicles?
You can choose a design that is attached to your home or make it a separate building. Both of these options have their own benefits. Attaching the structure provides easier access on days of bad weather. On the other hand, separating it from your home is a good idea to keep the noise and possible smells of hangar away from your living environment. Remember, unless you paint a new airplane project in your hangar, smells are no more of a problem than that of a standard car garage.
The type of door you want to install is another important factor to consider. The three basic types are bi-fold, metal, and hydraulic. Each of these materials has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is best to seek the advice of your designer before choosing one; after all, you must take practicality and price into account.
The issue of fueling is just as important as you may need to keep a fuel tank in the hangar. If you need to fly out to get fuel, you should always plan your movement carefully to accommodate fuel stops.
The typical doors that are built for hangars range from 40 to 60 feet wide and usually are not higher than 14 feet. The beam across the top of the door must be considered structurally one way being the use of a steel I-beam across the door will hold all the weight of the roof. Another way is the use of cleverly designed gable truss systems. An experienced designer engineer will seek the best solution for your particular needs.
These are just some of the points to think about when you are designing your hangar home. It is of utmost importance to hire a competent designer engineer who can fulfill your construction needs by coming up with a custom design and professional construction documents. You can find these desogmers on the internet or ask your friends or neighbors for recommendations.